Journal of Applied Molecular Biology (JAMB) is an international, double-blind peer-reviewed, open-access journal, published by Molecular Biology Research & Studies Institute, Assiut University, Egypt. It publishes original research, reviews, short communication, and case report articles in all areas of molecular biology, biotechnology, and applied bioinformatics. Journal of Applied Molecular Biology aims to promote research in all relevant fields of applied molecular biology, biotechnology, and bioinformatics through publishing the latest breakthroughs in these fields. The journal encourages the submission of multidisciplinary studies that use complementary experimental and computational approaches to address challenging biological questions. The Journal follows the basic ethical standards of open-access publishing regarding ethics, peer review, archiving, and dissemination of knowledge.