The Impact of Deoxycholate Amphotericin B and Vitamin E on Kidney Structure in Mice

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 College of Dentistry, Al-Noor University, Ninevah, 41012, Iraq

2 Department of Basic Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Nursing, University of Telafer, Nineveh, 41012, Iraq

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of vitamin E on kidney damage induced by deoxycholate deoxycholate amphotericin B (D-Amb) in adult male mice. Twenty-eight adult male mice (Mus musculus) were allotted into four groups: control, D-Amb, vitamin E, and D-Amb + vitamin E groups. Each individual in the D-Amb group received a dose of 3 mg/kg of body weight per day via intravenous injection, while the vitamin E group received 200 IU orally per day for a month. D-Amb administration significantly increased serum creatinine (0.98 ± 0.13 mg/dL), urea (48.6 ± 5.2 mg/dL), and malondialdehyde (MDA; 5.1 ± 0.7 nmol/mg protein), but decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (6.5 ± 1.0 U/mg protein) compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Co-administration of vitamin E with D-Amb substantially improved these measures (creatinine: 0.56 ± 0.09 mg/dL; urea: 29.6 ± 3.7 mg/dL; MDA: 3.0 ± 0.5 nmol/mg protein; SOD: 9.2 ± 1.1 U/mg protein), but values remained statistically different from the control group.  Vitamin E alone had no significant effect on these indicators compared to controls (p < 0.05). The histological examination showed that D-Amb causes kidney damage: glomeruli atrophy, kidney necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and internal bleeding. On the other hand, vitamin E does not hurt the kidneys on its own, and when combined with D-Amb, it mitigates some of its negative effects. These results indicated that vitamin E partially reverses some harmful effects of D-Amb on the kidney. More research is needed to validate the conditions required to maximize the renal-protecting activity against D-Amb toxicity.

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